“Back out of doing sth”的含义、例子及用法解析

“Back out of doing sth”是什么意思?

“Back out of doing sth” 意思是决定不做之前答应要做的事情。它通常暗示撤回承诺或安排。

介绍

短语“back out of doing sth”是英语中常用的短语动词,用来描述某人改变主意,不愿完成他们曾答应做的事情。理解“back out of doing sth”的含义有助于学习者识别那些在最后一刻取消计划或承诺的情况。这个短语常用于个人和职业场合,比如取消与朋友的约会或退出商业交易。正确使用这个表达可以提升你的沟通能力,帮助你更好地理解母语者。

快速信息框

  • 短语动词:back out of doing something
  • 类型:不及物动词(通常后接“of”加名词或动名词)
  • 级别:B1(中级)
  • 简短含义:撤回承诺或协议,不再做某事

结构(语法规则)

“Back out of”是一个不可分离的短语动词。这意味着你不能用宾语将“back”和“out”分开。其结构通常遵循以下模式:

    Subject + back out of + noun (e.g., agreement, deal) Subject + back out of + verb-ing (gerund) (e.g., doing the job, attending the meeting)

Example: She backed out of the contract. / He backed out of attending the event. (她违约了。/ 他放弃参加那个活动了。)

如何使用“Back out of doing sth”?

当有人取消或退出某项协议或计划时,使用“back out of doing sth”。这个短语通常表达其他相关人员的失望或沮丧。在谈论未履行的承诺、计划、合同或诺言时,这个短语非常有用。

记住,“sth”表示“某事”,所以你可以用任何动作或名词替换它,比如“back out of doing the project”或“back out of the deal”。

例子

  • He promised to help me move, but he backed out of doing it at the last minute. (他答应帮我搬家,但最后一刻却反悔了。)
  • They backed out of signing the contract after finding some issues. (他们发现一些问题后,决定不再签署合同。)
  • Don’t back out of doing your homework just because it’s difficult. (不要因为作业难就退缩不做。)
  • She backed out of attending the conference due to a scheduling conflict. (由于时间安排冲突,她取消了参加会议的计划。)
  • We were counting on him, but he backed out of joining the team. (我们本来指望他,但他却退出了加入团队的计划。)

常见错误

  • Incorrect: He backed out doing the job.
    Correct: He backed out of doing the job.
  • Incorrect: She backed out the agreement.
    Correct: She backed out of the agreement.
  • Incorrect: They backed out on the deal.
    Correct: They backed out of the deal.

差异 / 同义词

类似的短语动词包括:

  • Pull out of:: 通常用于退出较大的承诺,比如项目或活动。例如:他们退出了比赛。
  • Opt out of:: 意味着选择不参与。例如:她选择不参加会议。
  • Withdraw from:: 更正式;用于解除自身的承诺。例如:他退出了合同。

“Back out of”通常暗示违背承诺或协议,而“opt out of”则表示在承诺之前的自愿选择。

常用搭配

  • Back out of an agreement (退出协议)
  • Back out of a deal (退出交易)
  • Back out of a promise (违背诺言)
  • Back out of doing something (退出做某事)
  • Back out of a project (退出一个项目)

相关短语动词

以下是相关短语动词 back out of doing sth:

现实生活中的对话

Anna: Did Mark agree to help with the presentation?
安娜:马克答应帮忙做演示了吗?

John: He did, but he backed out of doing it yesterday.
约翰:他确实答应了,但昨天他又反悔了,不想做这件事了。

Anna: Oh no! That’s going to make things harder.
安娜:哦不!那样会让事情变得更难。

John: Yeah, I wasn’t expecting him to back out so suddenly.
约翰:是啊,我没想到他会这么突然反悔不做这件事。

练习

Choose the correct sentence:

  • a) She backed out of attending the meeting.
  • b) She backed out attending the meeting.
  • c) She backed out the meeting.

Answer: a) She backed out of attending the meeting.

常见问题解答

  • Q: “Back out of” 可以用于正式写作吗? A: 它在口语和非正式英语中更常见,但在正式写作中也可以谨慎使用。
  • Q: “back out of” 是可分的吗? A: 不是,不能把 “back” 和 “out” 分开。
  • Q: “Back out of”的同义词是什么? A: 根据上下文,可以使用“withdraw from”或“pull out of”。
  • Q: “Back out of” 可以和名词及动词一起使用吗? A: 可以,它后面可以跟名词或动词的-ing形式。
  • Q: “Back out of”总是带有负面含义吗? A: 通常,它暗示失望,但具体含义取决于上下文。

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