“Have sth against sb”是什么意思？
“Have sth against sb” 意思是因为某人做了或说了某事而不喜欢或对其怀有怨恨。
介绍
短语“have sth against sb”是一个常见的英语表达，用来描述对某人怀有不喜欢或怨恨的情绪。它通常暗示某人因为过去的某个行为或事件而感到不满或生气。理解“have sth against sb”的含义有助于学习者在对话和写作中正确使用这个短语。这个表达在正式和非正式场合都广泛使用，因此英语学习者需要自然地识别并运用它。它也常用于表达个人感受或解释人际关系中的矛盾。
快速信息框
- 短语动词：Have something against somebody
- 及物动词
- 水平：B2（中高级）
- 简短含义：不喜欢某人或对某人怀恨在心
结构（语法规则）
短语“have sth against sb”是不可分割的，这意味着你不能将“have”和“against”分开使用。宾语“something”必须跟在“have”后面，而“against somebody”则紧随其后。
Pattern: Have + something + against + somebodyExample: I have a problem against him. (Incorrect) I have something against him. (Correct) (我对他有意见。（错误）我对他有些看法。（正确）)
“Have sth against sb” 怎么用？
当你想表达因为某人做了某事而不喜欢他们或对他们感到不满时，会用到“have sth against sb”。这既可以指小问题，也可以指严重的怨恨。“something”可以是具体的原因，也可以是笼统的感觉。
例如，如果朋友忘记了你的生日，你可能会说：“I have something against her for forgetting my birthday.”
例子
想象一下，你因为同事没有帮你完成一个项目而感到不满。你可能会说：
- I don’t have anything against him, but I wish he was more helpful. (我对他没有任何意见，只是希望他能更乐于助人。)
- She has something against me because of the mistake I made last week. (她因为我上周犯的错误对我有意见。)
- Do you have anything against Sarah? She seems upset with you. (你对莎拉有什么意见吗？她看起来对你很不满。)
- He has had something against his neighbor since the argument. (自从那次争吵后，他一直对邻居心存芥蒂。)
- I don’t want to have anything against anyone. I prefer to forgive. (我不想对任何人心存芥蒂，我更愿意选择宽恕。)
这些例子展示了“have sth against sb in a sentence”如何表达不喜欢或怨恨的情感。
常见错误
有时学习者会混淆结构或错误使用该短语。以下是一些常见错误及其纠正：
- Incorrect: I have against him something.
Correct: I have something against him. - Incorrect: She has something for him against.
Correct: She has something against him. - Incorrect: Do you have something with him?
Correct: Do you have something against him?
记住，“have sth against sb”是不可分割的，且必须保持正确的词序。
区别 / 同义词
很容易将“have sth against sb”与“怀恨在心”或“心怀恶意”等表达混淆。虽然它们都表达了负面情绪，但“have sth against sb”更为通用且不那么正式。
- Hold a grudge:: 更强烈且持久的怨恨。
- Bear ill will:: 正式且强烈的反感。
- Have sth against sb:: 可以指小问题或大问题，日常使用。
例如，“He holds a grudge against her”听起来比“He has something against her”更严重。
常用搭配
以下是一些常与“have sth against sb”搭配使用的常见词语：
- Anything: Used when the reason is unknown or general. (e.g., Do you have anything against me?) (Anything：用于原因不明或泛指的情况。（例如，你“Have sth against sb”我吗？）)
- Something: Used for a specific reason. (e.g., She has something against her boss.) (某物：用于特定目的。（例如，她对她的老板“Have something against”）)
- Nothing: Used to deny any dislike. (e.g., I have nothing against you.) (Nothing：用来否认任何不喜欢。（例如，我对你没有任何意见。）)
- Personal: Refers to feelings toward a person. (e.g., He has something personal against you.) (个人情感：指对某人的感情。（例如，他对你有“Have sth against sb”的个人恩怨。）)
相关短语动词
以下是相关短语动词 have sth against sb:
真实对话
这是一个使用“have sth against sb”的简短对话：
Anna: Why does Tom seem upset with you?
安娜：汤姆为什么好像对你有意见？
Ben: I’m not sure. I don’t think he has anything against me.
本：我不确定。我觉得他对我没有任何意见。
Anna: Maybe he misunderstood something.
安娜：也许他误会了什么。
Ben: I hope so. I don’t want to have anything against him either.
本：我也希望如此，我不想对他有任何意见。
练习
Choose the correct sentence:
- A) I have something for him against.
- B) I have something against him.
- C) I have against him something.
Answer: B) I have something against him.
Fill in the blank:
She doesn’t like me. I think she has __________ against me.
Answer: something
常见问题解答
- Q: “Have sth against sb” 可以用于正式写作吗？ A: 可以，但它更常见于口语和非正式英语中。
- Q: “have sth against sb”中的“sth”是什么意思？ A: “sth”是“something”的缩写形式。
- Q: “Have sth against sb” 总是带有负面含义吗？ A: 是的，它表示不喜欢或怨恨。
- Q: 我可以说 “have nothing against sb” 吗？ A: 可以，这表示你不讨厌那个人。
- Q: “Have sth against sb” 怎么发音？ A: 发音为 “have something against somebody”。
