“Have sb down as sth”是什么意思？
“Have sb down as sth” 意思是相信或假定某人具有某种特征或身份，通常基于第一印象或已有信息。
介绍
短语“Have sb down as sth”是一个常见的英语表达，用来表示你认为某人符合某种描述或角色。例如，你可能会根据对某人的了解，把他们归为友好、害羞或有才华的人。这个短语帮助你表达对某人的假设或期望。理解“Have sb down as sth”的含义很有用，因为它让你能够在对话或写作中清晰自然地表达自己的看法。
快速信息框
- 短语动词：Have somebody down as something
- 类型：及物动词
- 水平：B2（中高级）
- 简短含义：相信某人是某种类型或具有某种特质
结构（语法规则）
“Have sb down as sth”是一个不可分割的短语动词，不能用宾语将“have”和“down”分开。
- Correct: I have her down as a hard worker. (我认为她是个勤奋的人。)
- Incorrect: I have down her as a hard worker. (错误：我把她认定为一个勤奋的工作者。)
模式：
-
Subject + have + somebody + down + as + something
如何使用“Have sb down as sth”？
当你想表达对某人性格或角色的看法或假设时，可以使用这个短语。它通常反映了你的初步想法或总体印象，可能是积极的、消极的或中性的。
情境的例子包括描述某人的性格、工作或行为。
例子
想象你遇到一个既安静又高效的新同事，你可能会说：
- I have him down as a serious and focused person. (我一直认为他是一个严肃且专注的人。)
- She’s really outgoing; I had her down as shy before we talked. (她性格非常外向，之前我们没说话时我还以为她很害羞。)
- They have the new manager down as strict, but he’s actually quite friendly. (他们原以为新经理很严格，但实际上他相当友好。)
- We had the candidate down as inexperienced, but she surprised us. (我们原以为这位候选人缺乏经验，结果她让我们大吃一惊。)
- I had you down as someone who loves sports, but I was wrong. (我一直以为你是个热爱运动的人，但我错了。)
常见错误
许多学习者会混淆词序，或者错误地将“have”和“down”分开使用该短语。
- Incorrect: I have down him as lazy.
- Correct: I have him down as lazy.
- Incorrect: I have him down like lazy.
- Correct: I have him down as lazy.
区别 / 同义词
类似的短语包括“take sb for sth”和“see sb as sth”。然而，“have sb down as sth”通常暗示基于有限信息的假设或预期。
- Have sb down as sth:: 假设或认为某人是某种样子。
- Take sb for sth:: 错误地认为某人是某种类型。
- See sb as sth:: 更中立；你如何看待某人。
例如，“I have him down as honest” 意味着你认为他是诚实的。“I took him for honest” 则表示你之前误以为他诚实。
常用搭配
与“have sb down as sth”常用来描述性格、技能或角色的词语：
- Have sb down as friendly – thinking someone is kind and approachable (把某人看作友好——认为某人和蔼可亲、平易近人)
- Have sb down as quiet – assuming someone is reserved (把某人看作安静——假设某人性格内向)
- Have sb down as experienced – believing someone has skills or knowledge (认为某人有经验——相信某人具备技能或知识)
- Have sb down as lazy – expecting someone to be unmotivated (认为某人懒惰——期待某人缺乏动力)
- Have sb down as talented – thinking someone has natural ability (认为某人有天赋——认为某人具有天生的能力)
相关短语动词
以下是相关短语动词 have sb down as sth:
现实生活中的对话
以下是一段使用该短语的简短对话：
Anna: I have Tom down as pretty shy. He doesn’t talk much.
安娜：我一直觉得汤姆挺害羞的，他不太爱说话。
Ben: Really? I thought he was outgoing after meeting him yesterday.
本：真的吗？我昨天见了他，觉得他很外向呢。
Anna: Sometimes first impressions can be wrong!
安娜：有时候，第一印象可能会误导人！
练习
Try to complete the sentence with the correct form:
- I _______ her _______ a great leader because of her confidence.
- They _______ the new employee _______ inexperienced, but he proved them wrong.
- Do you _______ him _______ serious or fun?
Answers: have / down as
常见问题解答
- Q: “Have sb down as sth” 可以用于正式写作吗？ 可以，在非正式和半正式场合使用是可以接受的。
- Q: “have sb down as sth”和“consider sb as sth”是一样的吗？ 它们相似，但“have sb down as sth”更强调一种假设或预期。
- Q: 我可以把这个短语用在除人以外的事物上吗？ 这个短语主要用来形容人，不适用于物品。
- Q: 总是把某人归为某种类型总是积极的吗？ 不是，这种看法可以是积极的、消极的，也可以是中性的。
- Q: 我可以说 “have sb down like sth” 吗？ 不可以，正确的短语是 “have sb down as sth”。
