“Guard against doing sth”是什么意思？
“Guard against doing sth” 意味着采取预防措施以避免做某事，这通常是指避免做有害或不想做的事情。它涉及小心谨慎，以防止某个具体的行为或错误发生。
介绍
短语“guard against doing sth”在英语中常用来表达保护自己免于犯某种错误或采取不良行为的意思。“guard against doing sth”的含义侧重于谨慎小心，以防止负面情况发生。这个短语在许多场合都很实用，无论是日常对话还是正式的建议或指示。理解如何正确使用这个短语，有助于学习者更有效地交流，避免误解。本文将为您提供清晰的解释、示例和使用“guard against doing sth”在不同语境中正确用法的技巧。
快速信息框
- 短语动词：guard against doing something
- 及物动词
- 水平：B2
- 简短含义：保护自己不去做坏事或有害的事情
结构（语法规则）
“Guard against doing sth”是一个不可分离的短语动词，意思是你不能在“guard against”之间插入宾语。
正确的结构：
-
Guard against + verb-ing (gerund)
- Example: Guard against making mistakes. (防止犯错。)
结构错误：
-
Guard + something + against + verb (wrong)
- Example: Guard your mind against to think (wrong) (保护你的心灵，防止错误的思维。)
如何使用“Guard against doing sth”？
当你谈论保护自己或他人避免做某件可能导致伤害或问题的事情时，会使用“guard against doing sth”。这个短语常出现在建议、警告或指示中，后面跟动词的动名词形式。
例如，你可能会说，“We should guard against making hasty decisions，”意思是我们应该小心，不要仓促做决定。
例子
以下是一些使用“guard against doing sth in a sentence”的自然句子，帮助你更好地理解：
- She guards against speaking too quickly during presentations to avoid confusion. (她在演讲时注意避免说话过快，以免引起混淆。)
- It’s important to guard against forgetting to lock your door when you leave. (离开时一定要注意不要忘记锁门。)
- We must guard against making assumptions without enough information. (我们必须防止在信息不足的情况下做出假设。)
- He guards against spending too much money on unnecessary things. (他注意避免在不必要的事情上花费过多的钱。)
- Teachers often advise students to guard against procrastinating before exams. (老师们经常建议学生们要防止在考试前拖延。)
常见错误
许多学习者在“guard against”之后混淆结构或使用错误的动词形式。以下是一些错误用法与正确用法的例子：
- Incorrect: Guard against to make mistakes.
Correct: Guard against making mistakes. - Incorrect: Guard against do something wrong.
Correct: Guard against doing something wrong. - Incorrect: Guard against you forgetting.
Correct: Guard against forgetting.
记住，“guard against”后面总是用动名词形式（-ing）。
区别 / 同义词
类似短语包括“prevent doing sth”、“avoid doing sth”和“protect against doing sth”。虽然它们含义相近，但“guard against doing sth”更强调积极防范或谨慎，以阻止某事发生。
- Prevent doing sth:: 侧重于在事情发生之前阻止它，通常更为笼统。
- Avoid doing sth:: 指通常出于自愿而避免某种行为。
- Protect against doing sth:: 类似于“Guard against”，但稍显正式或用于官方场合。
例如，“guard against making mistakes”暗示一种谨慎的态度，而“avoid making mistakes”则意味着选择不犯错误。
常见搭配
使用“guard against”时，某些动词和名词常常搭配出现。这些搭配能帮助你表达得更自然：
- Guard against making mistakes – to avoid errors (防止犯错——避免错误)
- Guard against forgetting – to prevent memory lapses (防止遗忘——防止记忆丢失)
- Guard against losing – to avoid loss (防止损失——避免亏损)
- Guard against overreacting – to control emotional responses (防止反应过度——控制情绪反应)
- Guard against procrastinating – to prevent delaying tasks (防止拖延——避免推迟任务)
相关短语动词
以下是相关短语动词 guard against doing sth:
现实生活中的对话
以下是一段简短的对话，展示了“guard against doing sth”如何自然使用：
Anna: I’m worried I might forget to submit the report on time.
安娜：我担心自己会忘记按时提交报告。
Ben: You should guard against forgetting by setting reminders on your phone.
本：你应该通过在手机上设置提醒来防止自己忘记。
Anna: That’s a good idea. I’ll do that right now.
安娜：这是个好主意。我现在就去做。
练习
Try to complete the sentence with the correct form:
We need to guard against _________ (make) careless errors in our work.
- a) making
- b) make
- c) to make
Correct answer: a) making
常见问题解答
- Q: “Guard against”可以和名词一起使用吗？ A: 可以，但它大多后接动名词形式，用来描述需要避免的行为。
- Q: “Guard against doing sth” 是正式用法吗？ A: 它是中性表达，适用于正式和非正式场合。
- Q: 我可以说 “guard against to do sth” 吗？ A: 不可以，应该始终使用动名词形式：”guard against doing sth.”
- Q: “guard against”和“avoid”有什么区别？ A: “Guard against”意味着积极保护自己，而“avoid”则是选择不去做某事。
- Q: “guard against” 是可分离的吗？ A: 不是，它是一个不可分离的短语动词。
