Listen to a Business English Dialogue about Real interest rate
Philip: Hi Emma, do you know what the real interest rate is?
Emma: Hello Philip! Yes, the real interest rate is the nominal interest rate minus the rate of inflation.
Philip: That’s correct, Emma. It represents the true purchasing power of interest earned or paid on an investment or loan after accounting for inflation.
Emma: Exactly, Philip. Real interest rates help investors and borrowers understand the actual return or cost of borrowing adjusted for changes in purchasing power over time.
Philip: Right, Emma. When the real interest rate is positive, investors are earning a real return above the rate of inflation, but when it’s negative, they’re experiencing a loss in purchasing power.
Emma: Yes, Philip. A positive real interest rate encourages saving and investment by rewarding investors with a return that exceeds the rate of inflation.
Philip: Absolutely, Emma. Conversely, a negative real interest rate can incentivize borrowing and spending, as the cost of borrowing is lower than the rate of inflation.
Emma: Right, Philip. Central banks often use real interest rates as a tool to influence economic activity by adjusting nominal interest rates to achieve desired levels of inflation and economic growth.
Philip: Yes, Emma. By targeting a specific level of real interest rates, central banks can help stabilize prices and promote sustainable economic expansion.
Emma: Exactly, Philip. However, fluctuations in inflation and economic conditions can impact real interest rates, influencing investment decisions and financial planning.
Philip: Absolutely, Emma. Investors should monitor real interest rates closely and adjust their investment strategies accordingly to preserve their purchasing power and achieve their financial goals.
Emma: Agreed, Philip. Understanding the implications of real interest rates on investments and borrowing can help individuals make informed decisions and navigate changing market conditions effectively.
Philip: Definitely, Emma. By staying informed and adapting to evolving economic trends, investors can position themselves for long-term financial success and resilience.