Understanding "What", "Which", "Why", and "When" in English Grammar
In English, the interrogative words "what", "which", "why", and "when" are pivotal in formulating questions. Each serves a unique purpose, helping to extract specific types of information. Grasping their correct usage and differences is crucial for effective communication.
1. What are "What", "Which", "Why", and "When"?
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What: Used to ask about things or activities.
Example: What is your favorite book?
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Which: Used to ask for a specific choice among a defined set of options.
Example: Which dress do you prefer, the red or the blue one?
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Why: Used to inquire about reasons or causes.
Example: Why are you late?
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When: Used to ask about time.
Example: When is your birthday?
2. How to Use "What", "Which", "Why", and "When" in Sentences:
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What: Use to inquire about objects, people, or actions. Example: What time is the meeting?
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Which: Use when there are specific options or choices. Example: Which route should we take?
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Why: Use to ask about reasons or justifications. Example: Why did she call you?
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When: Use to ask about time-related queries. Example: When do you start your new job?
3. Avoiding Errors When Using "What", "Which", "Why", "When":
- Ensure clarity about the type of information you seek. "What" and "which" can sometimes be interchangeable, but "which" is more specific.
- Don't use "why" when asking about a person’s actions in a direct manner as it may sound accusatory.
- Be specific with "when" to avoid vague responses.
4. The Difference Among "What", "Which", "Why", "When":
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What vs. Which:
- What is more general: What kind of music do you like?
- Which is more specific: Which song from this album do you like the most?
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Why vs. When:
- Why asks for reasons: Why did the event get canceled?
- When inquires about time: When was the event supposed to happen?
5. Cases When Not to Use "What", "Which", "Why", "When":
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What and Which should not be used interchangeably when specificity is required.
Incorrect (when options are clear): What option do you prefer, tea or coffee? Correct: Which option do you prefer, tea or coffee?
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Avoid using Why in sensitive contexts where a less direct approach is better.
Incorrect (may sound confrontational): Why did you do it? Correct (more tactful): What led you to make this decision?
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When should not be used for non-time-related questions.
Incorrect: When is your favorite color? Correct: What is your favorite color?
6. Practice What/Which/Why/When Exercises
What are the differences among "What/Which/Why/When" in English? This test was designed for you to practice "What/Which/Why/When". The test has 20 questions. Before taking the test, please read the following tips about "What/Which/Why/When".
- What: Used to ask for information, the thing
Ex: What are you doing?
- Which: Talk about a thing in things, or a person in a group
Ex: Which one do you want? Red car or blue car?
- Why: Ask reasons for something you use why
Ex: Why are you late?
- When: Ask about time, at what time
Ex: When will you come here?
In conclusion, "what", "which", "why", and "when" are essential tools in the English language for asking a wide range of questions. Their correct application enriches conversation, aids in gathering precise information, and enhances clarity in communication.
Now You'll take a "What/Which/Why/When" test.